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2023 Groundwater Status Reports
December 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Nine aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of December 2023. Beretania, Kalihi, Moanalua, Pearl City, Waipahu, Kaluanui and Waialua are in Caution Status. Kaimuki and Punalu'u are in Alert Status. The monthly production average for December 2023 was 126.27 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of December 2023 was 131 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 76 percent. As of January 2, 2024, the Hawai' i Drought Monitor shows abnormally dry to moderate drought conditions through west O'ahu.
The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation through June 2024. Most monitoring wells exhibited stable to slightly increasing head levels for the month of December 2023, likely reflecting the seasonal lower production combined with recent rains in November and December. Average monthly production for December 2023 was similar to December 2022 and the 5-year monthly average. Increased conservation messaging is recommended leading into summer 2024.
November 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Nine aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of November 2023. Kaimuki, Beretania, Kalihi, Moanalua, Pearl City, Waipahu and Waialua are in Caution Status. Punalu'u and Kaluanui are in Alert Status. The monthly production average for November 2023 was 138.71 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of November 2023 was 123 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 64 percent. As of December 5, 2023, the Hawai'i Drought Monitor shows moderate drought conditions across most of O'ahu, with abnormally dry conditions along a portion of the windward coast and severe drought conditions along the leeward coast. The National Weather Service is forecasting belownormal precipitation through June 2024.
Most monitoring wells exhibited stable to somewhat decreasing head levels for the month of November 2023, likely reflecting the consecutive months of lower-than-average rainfall, offset to some degree by recent rains in November. Average monthly production for November 2023 was slightly higher than November 2022 and the 5-year monthly average. Increased conservation messaging is recommended for the remainder of 2023, possibly into mid-2024.
October 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Nine aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of October 2023. Beretania, Kalihi, Moanalua, Pearl City, Waipahu, Kaluanui and Waialua are in Caution Status. Kaimuki and Punalu'u are in Alert Status. The monthly production average for October 2023 was 144.14 million gallons per day (MGD), which is on a decreasing trend from an August high of 149 mgd.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of October 2023 was 28 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 57 percent. As of November 7, 2023, the Hawai' i Drought Monitor shows severe drought conditions across all but a portion of windward O'ahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation through at least March 2024.
Most monitoring wells exhibited decreasing head levels for the month of October 2023, likely reflecting the typical increase in summer production combined with the consecutive months of lower-than-average rainfall. Average monthly production for October 2023 was slightly higher than September 2022 and the 5-year monthly average. Increased conservation messaging is recommended for the remainder of 2023, possibly into early 2024.
September 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
PNine aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of September 2023. Beretania, Kalihi, Moanalua, Pearl City, Waipahu, Kaluanui and Waialua are in Caution Status. Punaluu is in Alert Status. Kaimuki dipped into Critical Status, but chlorides are stable. The monthly production average for September 2023 was 147.32 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of September 2023 was 62 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 74 percent. As of October 3, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows abnormally dry conditions along the uppermost elevations of the Koolau Range, and moderate to severe drought conditions throughout the rest of Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation through at least March 2024.
Most monitoring wells exhibited decreasing head levels for the month of September 2023, reflecting the typical increase in summer production combined with the consecutive months of lower-than-average rainfall. Average monthly production for September 2023 decreased from the August production and was similar to September 2022 and the 5-year monthly average. Increased conservation messaging is recommended for the remainder of 2023, possibly into early 2024.
August 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Eight aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of August 2023. Beretania, Moanalua, Pearl City, Waipahu, Kaluanui, and Waialua are in Caution Status. Kaimuki and Punaluu are in Alert Status. The monthly production average for August 2023 was 148.95 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of August 2023 was 38 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 91 percent. As of September 5, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows abnormally dry conditions along the uppermost elevations of the Koolau Range, with moderate drought conditions throughout the rest of Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation through March 2024.
Most monitoring wells exhibited decreasing head levels for the month of August 2023, likely reflecting the typical increase in summer production combined with the consecutive months of lower-than-average rainfall. Average monthly production for August 2023 was similar to July 2022 and the 5-year monthly average. Increased conservation messaging is recommended for the remainder of 2023, possibly into early 2024.
July 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Five aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of July 2023. Pearl City, Kaluanui and Waialua are in Caution Status. Kaimuki and Punaluu are in Alert Status. The monthly production average for July 2023 was 139.12 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of July 2023 was 69 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 97 percent. As of August 1, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows abnormally dry conditions along the southern coast of Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation through February 2024.
Most monitoring wells exhibited decreasing head levels for the month of July 2023, likely reflecting the typical increase in summer production combined with the consecutive months of lower-than-average rainfall. Average monthly production for July 2023 was lower than in July 2022, and lower than the 5-year monthly average.
June 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Four aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of June 2023. Kaimuki, Pearl City, Punaluu, and Waialua are in Caution Status. The monthly production average for June 2023 was 136.36 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of June 2023 was 88 percent Hawaii of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 117 percent. As of July 4, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows abnormally dry conditions along the southern coast of Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation from a moderate to strong El Nino through January 2024.
Most monitoring wells exhibited relatively stable head levels for the month of June 2023, likely reflecting the lower overall groundwater production combined with lower-than-average rainfall. Average monthly production for June 2023 was lower than in June 2022 and lower than the 5-year monthly average.
May 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Four aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of May 2023. Kaimuki, Pearl City, Punaluu and Waialua are in Caution Status. The monthly production average for May 2023 was 127.12 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of May 2023 was 111 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 121 percent. As of June 6, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows zero drought conditions across Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation between June and December 2023.
Most monitoring wells exhibited relatively stable head levels for the month of May 2023, likely reflecting the lower overall groundwater production and recent increased rainfall. Average monthly production for May 2023 was lower than in May 2022, and lower than the 5-year monthly average.
April 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Four aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of April 2023. Kaimuki, Pearl City, and Punaluu are in Caution Status. Waialua is in Alert Status. The monthly production average for April 2023 was 125.05 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of April 2023 was 150 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 111 percent. As of May 2, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows zero drought conditions across Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation between July and November 2023.
Most monitoring wells exhibited relatively stable head levels for the month of April 2023, likely reflecting the lower overall groundwater production and recent increased rainfall. Average monthly production for April 2023 was lower than in April 2022 and lower than the 5-year monthly average.
March 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Four aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of March 2023. Kaimuki, Pearl City, and Waialua are in Caution Status. Punaluu is in Alert Status. The monthly production average for March 2023 was 124.23 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of March 2023 was 68 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 92 percent. As of April 4, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows zero drought conditions across Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting below-normal precipitation between May and September 2023.
Most monitoring wells exhibited relatively stable head levels for the month of March 2023, likely reflecting the lower overall groundwater production, offset somewhat by relatively low rainfall. Average monthly production for March 2023 was lower than in March 2022 and lower than the 5-year monthly average.
February 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Five aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of February 2023. Kaimuki, Pearl City, Kaluanui, and Waialua are in Caution Status. Punaluu is in Alert Status. The monthly production average for February 2023 was 121.49 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of February 2023 was 170 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 94 percent. As of March 7, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows zero drought conditions across Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting above-normal precipitation through April 2023.
Most monitoring wells exhibited relatively stable head levels for the month of February 2023, likely reflecting the lower overall groundwater production, recent relatively high rainfall, and the gradual recovery from prior months than of relatively low rainfall. Average monthly production for February 2023 was lower than in February 2022 and lower than the 5-year monthly average.
February 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Five aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of February 2023. Kaimuki, Pearl City, Kaluanui, and Waialua are in Caution Status. Punaluu is in Alert Status. The monthly production average for February 2023 was 121.49 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of February 2023 was 170 percent of normal, with a 5-month moving average of 94 percent. As of March 7, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows zero drought conditions across Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting above-normal precipitation through April 2023.
Most monitoring wells exhibited relatively stable head levels for the month of February 2023, likely reflecting the lower overall groundwater production, recent relatively high rainfall, and the gradual recovery from prior months than of relatively low rainfall. Average monthly production for February 2023 was lower than in February 2022 and lower than the 5-year monthly average.
January 2023 Groundwater Levels Status Report
Five aquifer index stations were in low groundwater condition for the production month of January 2023. Kaimuki, Pearl City, Kaluanui, and Waialua are in Caution Status. Punaluu is in Alert Status. The monthly production average for January 2023, it was 131.20 million gallons per day.
The Board of Water Supply rainfall index for the month of January 2023, it was 105 percent of normal. The rainfall index 5-month moving average was 78 percent in January 2023. As of January 31, 2023, the Hawaii Drought Monitor shows zero drought to abnormally dry conditions moving roughly southwest across Oahu. The National Weather Service is forecasting abovenormal precipitation through April 2023.
Most monitoring wells exhibited stable to slightly increasing head levels for the month of January 2023, likely reflecting the lower overall groundwater production combined with the relatively higher rainfall for the month of January. Average monthly production for January 2023 was higher than in January 2022 but similar to the 5-year monthly average.
Updated: 12/11/2023